Michael Sullivan

Whistleblower Attorneys Discuss False Claims Act Amendments & “The Most Pressing Issues in Representing Whistleblowers”

At the 20th Annual Convention of NELA, the National Employment Lawyers Association, I recently had the pleasure of moderating a panel discussion of some of the country’s top “whistleblower” lawyers. The topic was “The Most Pressing Issues in Representing Whistleblowers.”

Joining me in this panel discussion were Richard Renner and David J. Marshall. Richard is an attorney with Kohn & Colapinto in Washington, DC. and also serves as Legal Director of the National Whistleblowers Center. David is a partner with Katz, Marshall & Banks, LLP
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New SEC Whistleblower Program & Hedge Fund Investor Protections On Way, to Supplement IRS Whistleblower Program? Congress & SEC Consider Changes After Madoff, Stanford Schemes

Could a meaningful SEC “whistleblower” program prevent the next Madoff or Stanford debacle? The SEC and legislators are now seriously considering that question. That Madoff managed to defraud investors for so long proves that the current system is inadequate.

Past experience proves that incentives to whistleblowers to report illegal acts work. The nation’s primary “anti-fraud” statute that protects federal funds, the False Claims Act, has been extremely successful in encouraging whistleblowers to come forward by allowing them to share in the government’s recovery.

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SEC “Bounties” for Whistleblowers–The Statute

The statute authorizing the SEC in insider trading cases to pay whistleblowers “bounties” of up to 10% of civil penalties is below. (See our separate post discussing why the SEC needs a new, meaningful whistleblower program to help stop the next Madoff scheme.)
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False Claims Act Amendments Become Law Today, and Justice Department Expands Health Care Fraud Task Force

Today was a monentous day for those who believe in integrity in how taxpayer funds are treated.

President Obama signed into law today the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009, which makes important amendments to the country’s most important tool for fighting fraud, the False Claims Act.

Also important today, the Obama administration announced an expansion of DOJ’s health-care strike forces, which are designed to combat fraud in Medicare and Medicaid programs. Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. and Health and Human
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Interview with IRS Whistleblower Office Director Steve Whitlock on “Best Practices in Pursuing IRS Whistleblower Claims” Is Released

Last Fall, and again in March 2009, whistleblower lawyer blog co-author Michael A. Sullivan had the pleasure of sitting down with IRS Whistleblower Office Director Steve Whitlock, for an in-depth interview on the “best practices” for lawyers in pursuing IRS Whistleblower claims for their whistleblower clients.

The interview has just been published in the April 2009 False Claims Act & Qui Tam Quarterly Review. It includes some of the important points made by Director Whitlock at the IRS Whistleblower Boot Camp sponsored by Taxpayers Against Fraud in March, 2009, about which we have written previously.

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Major Whistleblower Law Development–False Claims Act Amendments Pass House of Representatives, As Part of the “Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009”

Today is an historic day–the House of Representatives has passed the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 by a vote of 367-59. The Act includes long-needed amendments to the nation’s primary anti-fraud law, the False Claims Act, about which we have written often.

The amendments are designed to protect the hundreds of billions in taxpayer funds now being spent from fraud affecting TARP, other “stimulus” measures, Medicare and Medicaid, national defense including the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and reconstruction efforts, and countless other government programs.

The Senate approved the Act by a vote of 92-4 on April 28th. A conference committee now will consider reconciling differences in the versions of the bill.

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Fraud Against TARP Funds A Real Threat, Warns Special Inspector General for TARP

We have written previously how the “bailout” measures such as TARP–the Troubled Assets Relief Program–and other “stimulus” measures must have effective oversight,disclosure, and anti-fraud provisions to protect those funds from those who look to commit fraud. The speed at which the government has acted to address the faltering economy will only increase the opportunities for fraud. Already, TARP whistleblowers have begun to come forward with reports of misuse of billions in TARP funds.

This week, Neal Barofsky, the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Assets Relief Program reiterated those points in his Quarterly Report to Congress. The IG described TARP as “inherently vulnerable to fraud, waste and abuse, including significant issues relating to conflicts of interest facing fund managers, collusion between participants and vulnerabilities to money laundering.”

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False Claims Act Amendments Gain Momentum In Bill to Combat Financial Fraud

New legislation to combat financial institution fraud, securities fraud, mortgage fraud, and other fraud and abuse is gaining momentum, and brings closer long-needed amendments to restore to its intended strength the nation’s major “whistleblower” law, the False Claims Act.

The Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 (S. 386) received support yesterday in a statement from the Administration:

The Administration strongly supports enactment of S. 386. Its provisions would provide Federal investigators and prosecutors with significant new criminal and civil tools and resources
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Tax Evasion Using Offshore Accounts Establishes Fraud, As IRS Prevails Against Statute of Limitations Argument

A frequent question in our IRS Whistleblower cases is how IRS Whistleblower claims are affected by the statute of limitations. In long-running violations of the tax laws, that question can determine how much of past tax liability the IRS may be able to recover.

Yesterday, the Tax Court issued a decision that illustrates what happens when the taxpayer has engaged in fraud. (Joseph B. Williams III v. Commissioner, 2009 TNT 72-11). Because the court found that fraud was established by the taxpayer’s plea to
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IRS Announces New List of “Dirty Dozen” Tax Scams

In our March 7, 2009 “IRS Whistleblower Boot Camp,” IRS Whistleblower Office Director Steve Whitlock mentioned that the IRS’s priorities include the “Dirty Dozen”–a list of tax scams that is updated yearly.

The IRS has just issued its 2009 “Dirty Dozen” list, which should be of interest to potential IRS whistleblowers. It is reprinted below:

Beware of IRS’ 2009 “Dirty Dozen” Tax Scams

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Health Care Fraud Lawyers to Analyze Recent Amendments to False Claims Act

At the “Advanced Health Law” seminar on October 9, attorneys prosecuting and defending cases of alleged health care fraud will discuss the important new amendments to the False Claims Act. I am honored to be the panelist who will discuss these important new provisions from the perspective of representing whistleblowers (known as “relators”) who bring qui tam whistleblower cases under the False Claims Act.

These significant changes to the False Claims Act took effect on May 20, 2009, when the Fraud Enforcement and
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Federal Contractor Fraud Laws To Get Tougher? ACORN Controversy Casts Spotlight on Larger Contractors That Violate False Claims Act

Outrage over misuse of public funds is a healthy reaction to those who cheat taxpayers. It can also create interesting bedfellows, as newly-introduced legislation in the House demonstrates.

HR 3571, aimed at “de-funding ACORN,” would ban federal contracts and most federal funds to any organization that “has filed a fraudulent form with any Federal or State regulatory agency,” among other things. (Complete bill is below.)

As. Rep. Alan Grayson (D-FL) observed correctly, fraud by those who receive government funds involves much “bigger fish” than ACORN–and bigger dollar amounts of alleged fraud.

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Calls Continue for a “False Claims Act” for Wall Street Whistleblowers

Since the Madoff and Stanford scandals, we have written about the calls for the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to establish a meaningful whistleblower rewards program. Currently, no adequate incentives exist for whistleblowers to speak up when they might have a chance to stop large scale fraud and prevent the next Madoff or Stanford debacle. How much better off would so many Americans be if someone had exposed Madoff before he defrauded so many investors?

Forbes has run interesting column by Bill Singer, calling for a statute that apples “False Claims Act” whistleblower remedies to Wall Street. Why not protect investors from the massive losses that so many incurred? The current system obviously failed to do so. Harry Markopolis has described eloquently how the SEC could do so much better, and new SEC whistleblower rewards should make a huge difference.

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New IRS Group to Address Offshore Accounts and Other International Tax Abuses by Wealthy Taxpayers

Offshore tax abuses and tax evasion have kept the IRS quite busy of late. The fast-approaching September 23 deadline for its “voluntary disclosure program,” and its agreement with UBS that will allow it to identify thousands of American taxpayers with offshore accounts, have added momentum to its efforts to combat offshore tax abuses by high net worth taxpayers.

Now, the IRS is creating a new group to “focus on examinations involving webs of entities and arrangements controlled by the high wealth taxpayer segment.” It will
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Protecting Whistleblowers from Criminal Prosecution: The Mystery of the UBS Whistleblower’s Prison Sentence

In one of two prominent whistleblower cases in the news this week, whistleblower John Kopchinski will be awarded more than $50 million for his role in exposing improper “off-label marketing” of the drug Bextra by Pfizer. Other whistleblowers also will be rewarded because of this settlement. That settlement of $2.3 billion is the largest in history ($1 billion to settle False Claims Act allegations, and $1.3 billion in criminal fine and forfeiture).

As large as the Pfizer settlement is, the other whistleblower’s actions seem likely to lead to recovery of dollars that could dwarf this $2.3 billion settlement. UBS whistleblower Bradley Birkenfeld has lifted the shroud of secrecy from thousands of American taxpayers’ offshore accounts at UBS. He has given the IRS a foothold into recovering potentially many billions in unpaid taxes owed.

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Latest State “False Claims Act” Is Enacted in North Carolina

We have followed closely the trend of states enacting their own versions of the nation’s chief whistleblower law the False Claims Act. North Carolina has become the newest state to enact its own False Claims Act, which is reprinted below.

We congratulate the State of North Carolina on a momentous accomplishment.
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UBS and IRS Voluntary Discloure Program: Interesting Convergence for IRS Whistleblower Program

Offshore tax abuses have been an IRS priority for some time, but the impending September 23, 2009 deadline for the IRS “Voluntary Disclosure” program–combined with the recent announcement that UBS has agreed with the IRS to release 4,450 names of U.S. account holders–has created a flurry of activity for the IRS.

Anxious taxpayers with exposure cannot be sure that their names are not on the list being produced. Last week, the IRS added a 52nd “FAQ” about the Voluntary Disclosure Program to explain its application to UBS account holders:

Q52. Are UBS account holders eligible to make a voluntary disclosure under the IRS’s offshore Voluntary Disclosure Practice (VDP) announced on March 23, 2009, and set to expire September 23, 2009?

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Court Agrees with IRS That Hospital CEO Is Personally Liable for Unpaid Payroll Taxes

Health care cases that our lawyers see most often involve whistleblowers who know of violations of the False Claims Act. While we also pursue many IRS violations under the IRS Whistleblower Program, the health care industry is not the source of most of those claims.

In perhaps a new trend, last week a federal court in Florida agreed with the IRS that a hospital CEO is personally liable for failing to pay over to the IRS close to $2 million in payroll taxes. (Doulgeris v. United States, M.D.Fla., August 03, 2009).

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The “Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act”–A “Mini-False Claims Act”

For a “webinar” on August 11, 2009, I have been asked to discuss not only potential liability under the False Claims Act for false or fraudulent claims to the federal government, but also what has been called the “Mini-False Claims Act”: the “Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act,” 31 U.S.C. §§ 3801-12,

Because it is not feasible for the government to handle under the False Claims Act every conceivable case of a false claim in procurement, the PFCRA was enacted so that smaller claims could be handled in an administrative process.

A major provision of the PFCRA, section 3802, is reprinted below:

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Can IRS Whistleblower Program Help Offset Cost of Health Care Overhaul?

How to pay for health care in the United States, as costs inexorably grow?

The IRS Whistleblower Program may help by narrowing the “tax gap”–the difference between taxes owed and taxes paid each year. Treasury’s latest estimate is that $345 billion owed remains uncollected from those who engage in tax fraud, tax evasion, and other tax noncompliance. (“Update on Reducing the Federal Tax Gap and Improving Voluntary Compliance”).

Senate Finance Committee Chair Max Baucus, D-Mont., raised this tax gap with the next IRS Chief Counsel, William J. Wilkins, on July 14: “We’re right now trying to figure how to pay for healthcare reform,” Baucus told Wilkins. “And it’s ironic that coincidentally, the amount we are trying to raise is that amount.”

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